Brazil recorded the most deforestation ever in the Amazon rainforest for the month of January, according to government data released this week, as destruction continues to worsen despite the government's recent pledges to bring it under control.
Deforestation in Brazil's Amazon totalled 430km² last month, five times higher than January last year, according to preliminary satellite data from government space research agency Inpe.
That's the highest since the current data series began in 2015/2016, equal to an area three-quarters the size of the Pilanesberg National Park.
Environmental researchers said they were not surprised to see destruction still rising, given right-wing President Jair Bolsonaro's weakening of environmental protections.
With little fear of punishment, speculators are increasingly clearing forest for ranches in illegal land grabs, said Britaldo Soares Filho, an environmental modelling researcher at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. High prices for beef, soy and other commodities are also boosting demand for cheap land.
“People might be surprised that it didn't increase even more,” Soares Filho said. “There is a race to deforest the Amazon.”
Bolsonaro's office and the environment ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the deforestation figures or the government's environmental policies.
The preservation of the Amazon, the world's largest rainforest, is vital to curbing climate change because of the vast amount of greenhouse gas absorbed in its trees.
Bolsonaro has long argued for more commercial farming and mining in the Amazon to help lift the region out of poverty.
Facing international pressure from the US and Europe, Brazil last year pledged to end illegal deforestation by 2028 and signed a global pact to stop all forest destruction by 2030.
Soon after those commitments, Inpe released data showing that deforestation in 2021 in the Brazilian Amazon hit the highest point in 15 years. The preliminary data for January shows the destruction is continuing to mount.
Ana Karine Pereira, a political scientist at the University of Brasilia, said Bolsonaro and his government changed their tone last year, but their policies remain the same. She and Soares Filho said deforestation will only slow if Bolsonaro loses the presidential election in October.
“Changing the political profile of the president and federal government leadership is crucial in this moment to see a break in this trend of high levels of deforestation,” said Pereira.
Intense deforestation is unusual in the rainy season — which is now — because the rainforest is harder for loggers to access. The January data showed that new clearing was still less than half of what is common during the peak months from June to September.
A deforestation monitoring researcher at Inpe said the surge last month could be partially due to higher levels of cloud cover in November and December than the previous year. Those clouds might have blocked satellites from recording destruction that had now been revealed, said the person, who was not authorised to speak publicly.
Still, cloud cover remained relatively high in January, declining to 43% from 54% in December.
Reuters
